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中华人民共和国国家标准

蓖 麻 籽 油

GB 8234－87

Castor oil

本标准适用于收购、销售、调拨、加工和出口的商品蓖麻籽油。

1 技术要求

　

蓖麻籽油应具下列特征常数：

1.1 比重(20/4℃)：0.9515～0.9675

1.2 折光指数(20℃)：1.4765～1.4810

1.3 典价（韦氏法）：80～88

1.4 皂化价(mgKOH/G)：177～187

1.5 乙酰值（mgKOH/G）：≥140。

2 等级指标

　

2.1 蓖麻籽油的等级指标见下表：

指标等级 项目	1	2
气味	具有蓖麻籽油固有的气味
酸价，mgKOH/g≤	2.0	4.0
水分及挥发物，%≤	0.10	0.20
杂质，%≤	0.05	0.10
透明度	透明	允许微浊
色泽（罗维朋比色计，英寸槽）	黄20 红≤1.5	黄20 红≤３.5

2.2 蓖麻籽油以2等为计价基础。

2.3 蓖麻籽油中不得混有其他油脂。

3 检验方法

　

3.1 蓖麻籽油样品的扦取按照GB 5525－85《植物油脂检验 扦样、分样法》执行。

3.2 比重的测定按照GB 5526－85《植物油脂检验 比重测定法》执行。

3.3 折光指数的测定按照GB 5527－85《植物油脂检验 折光指数测定法》执行。

3.4 碘价的测定按照GB 5532－85《植物油脂检验 碘价测定法》执行。

3.5 皂化价的测定按照GB 5534－85《植物油脂检验 皂化价测定法》执行。

3.6 乙酰值的测定按照本标准附录Ａ执行。

3.7 气味、透明度、色泽的鉴定按照GB 5525－85《植物油脂检验 透明度、色泽、气味、滋味鉴定法》执行。

3.8 酸价的测定按照GB 5529－85《植物油脂检验 酸价测定法》执行。

3.9 水分及挥发物的测定按照GB 5528 – 85《植物油脂检验 水分及挥发物测定法》执行。

3.10杂质的测定按照GB5529－85《植物油脂检验 杂质测定法》执行。

3.11 掺伪试验按照GB 5539－85《植物油脂检验 油脂定性试验》执行。

4 包装、运输和储存

　

蓖麻籽油的包装、运输和储存，必须保质、保量，严防污染，符合运输安全和分级储存的要求。蓖麻籽油装具必须具备明显的“蓖麻油”标志。并注明毛重、净重、出厂日期。

附 录 A

乙酰值的测定方法

（补充法)

A.1 定义：乙酰值是指皂化1g乙酰化油脂所产生 的乙酰，在中和时所需氢氧化钾的毫克数。

A.2 仪器和用具

　

A.2.1 锥形瓶：250mL；

A.2.2 球形冷凝器；

A.2.3 天平：感量0.01g；

A.2.4 电热板：500W。或磁力搅拌加热器；

A.2.5 水浴锅；

A.2.6 电热恒温箱；

A.2.7 分液漏斗（梨形）：250mL；

A.2.8 漏斗：9～11cm；

A.2.9 烧杯：40mL；

A.2.10 量筒：100mL；

A.2.11 酸式滴定管：25或50mL；

A.2.12 定时钟；

A.2.13 浮石及定性滤纸。

A.3 试剂

　

A.3.1 乙酰酐:分折纯；

A.3.2 0.5N氢氧化钾乙醇溶液；

A.3.3 0.5N盐酸标准溶液；

A.3.4 0.1%酚酞指示剂；

A.3.5 95%乙醇：分析纯；

A.3.6 无水硫酸钠：分析纯；

A.3.7 石蕊试纸；

A.4 操作方法

　

A.4．1 称取试样10g于250mL锥形瓶中,加纯乙酸酐20mL(加沸石数片,以防暴沸),接上冷凝，用微火加热煮沸30min，然后移入分液漏斗，澄清后分出下层水液，再以热水冲洗乙酰化物质，直到水溶液不呈酸性为止（以石蕊试纸试验），再以温水（60～70℃）洗涤二次，并尽可能放出下层水，加入5g无水硫酸钠予以干燥，时加振荡，1h后用干燥滤纸滤去硫酸钠，在100℃时干燥（乙酰化油脂应澄清透明）。

A.4.2 取经烘干之乙酰化油脂2g于锥形瓶中，加0.5NKOH溶液50mL，接上冷凝器皂化1h后，加10mL中性乙醇洗涤冷凝管壁，取下锥形瓶，加2滴酚酞指示剂，趁热以0.5NHCI溶液滴定，同时作空白试验，计算出乙化酰油脂的皂化价（S’）。皂化价的计算方法按GB 5534－85执行。

A.4.3 同时以GB 5534－85皂化价的测定方法测出乙酰化油脂的皂化价（S）。

A5 结果计算

　

 乙酰值按下式计算：

式中：S’----乙酰化油脂的皂化价；

S----未乙酰化油脂的皂化价。

双试验结果允许差不超过2.0mgKOH/g。测定结果取小数点后第一位。

附加说明：

　

本标准由商业部粮食储运局提出并归口。

本标准由内蒙古自治区商业厅粮食业务处、吉林省粮油卫生监测站负责起草。

本标准由商业部粮食储运局检验处负责解释。

中华人民共和国商业部1998-10-08批准 1998-04-01实施

 

Chinese National Standards

Bimaziyou

GB 8234-87

Castor oil

This standard applies to the acquisition, sale, transfer, processing and export of goods castor bean oil.

1 Technical Requirements


Castor oil should be constant with the following characteristics:

1.1 specific gravity (20 / 4 ℃): 0.9515 ~ 0.9675

1.2 Refractive Index (20 ℃): 1.4765 ~ 1.4810

1.3 Code Price (Webster's method): 80 ~ 88

1.4 Saponification value (mgKOH / G): 177 ~ 187

1.5 acetyl value (mgKOH / G): ≥ 140.

Level 2 indicators


2.1 Castor oil level indicators table below:

Index Level Project
 1
 2
 
Odor
 Inherent with the smell of castor bean oil
 
Acid value, mgKOH / g ≤
 2.0
 4.0
 
Moisture and volatile matter,% ≤
 0.10
 0.20
 
Impurities,% ≤
 0.05
 0.10
 
Transparency
 Transparent
 Allow micro-cloud
 
Color (Lovibond colorimeter, inch slot)
 Yellow 20 red ≤ 1.5
 Yellow 20 red ≤ 3.5
 

2.2 to 2, as the castor bean oil valuation basis.

2.3 Castor oil not mixed with other oils.

3 Test Methods


3.1 Castor oil stick in the samples taken in accordance with GB 5525-85 "Inspection of vegetable oils for sampling and sample" implementation.

3.2 Determination of specific gravity in accordance with GB 5526-85 "Determination of the proportion of vegetable oils test" implementation.

3.3 Determination of refractive index in accordance with GB 5527-85 "Inspection of vegetable oils determination of refractive index" implementation.

3.4 Determination of iodine value in accordance with GB 5532-85 "vegetable fats and oils Determination of iodine value test" implementation.

3.5 Determination of saponification value according to GB 5534-85 "Inspection of vegetable oils Determination of saponification value" execution.

3.6 Determination of acetyl value in Appendix A in accordance with the implementation of this standard.

3.7 odor, transparency, color identification in accordance with GB 5525-85 "Inspection of vegetable oils transparency, color, odor and taste identification method" implementation.

3.8 Determination of acid value in accordance with GB 5529-85 "vegetable fats and oils Determination of acid value test" implementation.

3.9 Determination of moisture and volatile matter according to GB 5528 - 85 "Inspection of vegetable oils Determination of moisture and volatile matter" implementation.

3.10 Determination of impurities in accordance with GB5529-85 "Determination of impurities in vegetable oils Inspection Law" implemented.

3.11 adulteration test according to GB 5539-85 "Inspection of vegetable oils fats qualitative test" implementation.

4, packaging, transport and storage


Castor oil packaging, transport and storage, must be quality, quantity, prevent pollution, meet the classification of transport safety and storage requirements. Castor oil was loaded with must have the "castor oil" signs. And indicate the gross weight, net weight, date of manufacture.

Appendix A

Determination of Acetyl value

(Supplementary Method)

A.1 Definition: 1g acetyl saponification value is produced by acetylation of acetyl oil, and when in mg KOH required number.

A.2 apparatus and appliances


A.2.1 flasks: 250mL;

A.2.2 Spherical condenser;

A.2.3 Balance: a sense of the amount of 0.01g;

A.2.4 electric hot plate: 500W. Or magnetic stirring heater;

A.2.5 water boiler;

A.2.6 electric thermostat;

A.2.7 separating funnel (pear): 250mL;

A.2.8 funnel: 9 ~ 11cm;

A.2.9 beaker: 40mL;

A.2.10 cylinder: 100mL;

A.2.11 acid burette: 25 or 50mL;

A.2.12 set the clock;

A.2.13 pumice and qualitative filter paper.

A.3 Reagents


A.3.1 acetyl anhydride: points off pure;

A.3.2 0.5N KOH ethanol solution;

A.3.3 0.5N hydrochloric acid standard solution;

A.3.4 0.1% phenolphthalein indicator;

A.3.5 95% ethanol: AR;

A.3.6 anhydrous sodium sulfate: AR;

A.3.7 litmus paper;

A.4 How


A.4.1 Weigh 10g sample in 250mL conical flask, add pure acetic anhydride 20mL (plus a few pieces of zeolite to riot boiling), connected to the condenser, heat to boil with Weihuo 30min, and then into the separatory funnel to clarify the separation of the bottom water after the solution, rinse with hot water and then acetylated material, until the solution is not acidic so far (to litmus paper test), then warm water (60 ~ 70 ℃) washing the second, lower release as much as possible water and add 5g of anhydrous sodium sulfate to dry, when you add vibration, 1h after the filtered sodium with dry filter paper, dried at 100 ℃ (oil should be clear and transparent acetylation).

A.4.2 learn the acetylation of drying oil 2g in the conical flask, add 0.5NKOH solution 50mL, connected to the condenser saponification 1h, add 10mL ethanol, neutral detergent condenser wall, remove the Erlenmeyer flask, add 2 drops phenolphthalein indicator, hot to 0.5NHCI titration, while for the blank test, calculated B saponification value of oil acid (S '). Saponification value is calculated according to GB 5534-85 implementation.

A.4.3 both GB 5534-85 saponification value of the testing methods, measured the acetylation of oil saponification value (S).

The results calculated A5


 Acetyl value is calculated as follows:

Where: S'---- acetylation oil saponification value;

S ---- is not acetylated oil saponification value.

The results allow the poor two-no more than 2.0mgKOH / g. Determination of the first results obtained after the decimal point.

Additional Information:


The standard of food storage by the Department of Commerce Bureau and the focal point.

The standard of food service by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region at the Commerce Department, Jilin Cereals, Oils and health station is responsible for drafting.

The standard of food storage by the Department of Commerce Bureau of Inspection Department is responsible for interpretation.

Approved by the PRC Ministry of Commerce 1998-10-08 1998-04-01 Implementation

中国农业部行业标准

蓖麻籽商品质量

表 1 感官指标

项目		等级及要求
		一级	二级	三级	四级
外观		整齐一致	≤10%	≤15%	≤25%
气味、色泽		正常	正常	正常	正常
杂质 (%)	总量	≤ 1.0 %
	杂质内砂石含量	≤ 0.3 %
不完善粒(%)		≤ 2 %

表 2 理化指标

项目		等级及要求
		一级	二级	三级	四级
籽实含油量%(基干)		≥51.0	≥50.0	≥49.0	≥48.0
纯仁率(%)		≥ 73.0
含水量 (%)	南方	≤ 8.0
	北方	≤ 9.0
脂肪酸值(mgKOH/g)		≤ 5.0

各类蓖麻籽以三等为计价基础，低于四等为等外蓖麻籽。

中华人民共和国农业部发布  

China's Ministry of Agriculture, Industry Standard

Castor quality of goods

Table 1 sense index

Project
 Levels and requirements
 
A
 Two
 Three
 Four
 
Appearance
 Neat line
 ≤ 10%
 ≤ 15%
 ≤ 25%
 
Odor, color
 Normal
 Normal
 Normal
 Normal
 
Impurities
(%)
 Total
 ≤ 1.0%
 
Impurity content of the sand and gravel
 ≤ 0.3%
 
Imperfect grains (%)
 ≤ 2%
 

Table 2 Physical and Chemical Indicators

Project
 Levels and requirements
 
A
 Two
 Three
 Four
 
Seed oil content% (backbone)
 ≥ 51.0
 ≥ 50.0
 ≥ 49.0
 ≥ 48.0
 
Chunren rate (%)
 ≥ 73.0
 
Water content
(%)
 South
 ≤ 8.0
 
Northern
 ≤ 9.0
 
Fatty acid value (mgKOH / g)
 ≤ 5.0
 

Various types of castor beans to third base for the valuation, such as substandard under four castor bean.

Republic of China Ministry of Agriculture issued

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